Mapping Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRAs) in the Central and South American Pacific: Existing knowledge and data needs
Chondrichthyans, a class of aquatic vertebrates (sharks, rays, and chimaeras), are facing a global extinction crisis driven by overfishing, habitat degradation, climate change, and pollution. Of the approximately 1,250 species studied, more than one third (37%) are at risk of extinction according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, making this group the second most threatened among vertebrates. There is limited biological and ecological information available on chondrichthyans, which hinders the identification of critical habitats. As a response, the Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) approach was developed a tool designed to map essential areas for the life cycle processes of these species.